Tartar buildup is a common dental issue that affects many people. It forms when plaque, a sticky film of bacteria, hardens on the teeth due to lack of proper oral hygiene. Tartar is difficult to remove with regular brushing and flossing, making it a concern for those who struggle with it. Many people wonder whether a dentist can help remove stubborn tartar buildup and how the process works. This article will explore how dentists address tartar problems and what patients can expect during a dental visit.
What is Tartar and How Does it Form?
Tartar, also known as dental calculus, is a hard, yellowish or brownish deposit that forms on the surface of teeth. It is caused by the accumulation of plaque, which is a mixture of food particles, bacteria, and saliva. If plaque is not removed through regular brushing and flossing, it can harden into tartar within 24 to 72 hours. Once tartar forms, it can only be removed by a dentist or dental hygienist because it is too hard to be eliminated with a toothbrush.
There are two main types of tartar: supragingival and subgingival. Supragingival tartar forms above the gum line and is typically easier for a dentist to remove. Subgingival tartar forms below the gum line and can cause more severe dental issues, such as gum disease and tooth decay.
Why is Tartar Removal Important?
Tartar removal is not just about improving the appearance of your smile. It is a crucial step in maintaining good oral health. If left untreated, tartar buildup can lead to a number of oral health problems, including:
- Gum disease (gingivitis or periodontitis)
- Tooth decay and cavities
- Bad breath (halitosis)
- Inflamed or bleeding gums
- Loose teeth in severe cases
Gum disease is one of the most serious concerns associated with tartar. The bacteria in tartar can irritate the gums, leading to inflammation and infection. Over time, this can cause the gums to pull away from the teeth, creating pockets where more bacteria can grow. If left untreated, gum disease can lead to tooth loss.
How Does a Dentist Remove Tartar?
Dentists use specialized tools to remove tartar buildup from the teeth. The process of tartar removal is typically referred to as a dental cleaning, and it is a standard procedure during regular dental checkups. Dental cleanings are usually done by a dental hygienist, but in more complex cases, the dentist may perform the procedure.
Scaling: The First Step in Tartar Removal
Scaling is the primary method used by dentists and dental hygienists to remove tartar. This process involves the use of specialized instruments that scrape away tartar from the surface of the teeth. The dentist or hygienist will start by examining the patient’s teeth to identify areas of significant tartar buildup.
There are two types of scaling tools commonly used in dental offices:
Manual Instruments: These are handheld tools, such as scalers and curettes, that are used to remove tartar from the surface of the teeth. The dental professional will gently scrape the tartar from the tooth surfaces using these tools. Although manual scaling is effective, it may take longer for patients with significant tartar buildup.
Ultrasonic Instruments: Ultrasonic scalers use high-frequency vibrations and water to break up and remove tartar. The ultrasonic scaler produces vibrations that loosen the tartar, while the water helps rinse away the debris. This method is typically faster than manual scaling and is often used for heavier tartar buildup.
Root Planing: For Subgingival Tartar
If tartar has built up below the gum line, a process called root planing may be required. Root planing is a deeper cleaning technique that targets the areas beneath the gum line where bacteria and tartar can accumulate. During this procedure, the dentist or hygienist will use specialized instruments to smooth the tooth roots and remove tartar from areas that are difficult to reach.
Root planing helps eliminate bacteria that could otherwise lead to gum disease. It also promotes healthy gum tissue by allowing the gums to reattach to the tooth roots.
Polishing: A Final Step to Smooth and Clean Teeth
After scaling and root planing, the dentist or hygienist may polish the teeth to remove any remaining plaque and to give the teeth a smooth, shiny appearance. Polishing involves the use of a special rotating brush and a gritty paste that helps to buff away surface stains and plaque.
This step is not only for cosmetic purposes but also helps to prevent further plaque buildup, as smooth surfaces are less likely to attract bacteria and plaque.
What to Expect During a Tartar Removal Procedure
A typical dental cleaning for tartar removal is usually painless, although it may cause some discomfort, especially for patients with significant tartar buildup or gum disease. If the tartar has been allowed to accumulate for a long period, patients may experience tenderness or slight bleeding during the cleaning process. However, this is usually temporary and should subside after the cleaning.
In cases where the tartar is deeply embedded below the gum line or there are signs of gum disease, the dentist may recommend additional treatments, such as antibiotics or scaling and root planing. For more advanced cases, the dentist may suggest more frequent cleanings or even periodontal therapy to address underlying issues.
How to Prevent Tartar Buildup
The best way to prevent tartar buildup is through proper oral hygiene. This includes:
- Brushing your teeth at least twice a day with fluoride toothpaste
- Flossing daily to remove plaque and food particles between teeth
- Rinsing with an antimicrobial mouthwash to help kill bacteria
- Regular dental checkups and cleanings every six months to ensure your teeth and gums stay healthy
Regular brushing and flossing help remove plaque before it has a chance to harden into tartar. Additionally, using a toothpaste that contains tartar control agents can help reduce tartar formation.
Dietary Considerations
Certain foods and drinks can contribute to tartar buildup, particularly those that are sugary or acidic. Limiting the consumption of sugary snacks and beverages can help reduce the amount of plaque and tartar that forms on your teeth. Drinking plenty of water can also help wash away food particles and bacteria in your mouth, reducing the risk of plaque buildup.
When Should You See a Dentist for Tartar Removal?
While it is possible to prevent tartar buildup with good oral hygiene, some individuals are more prone to it due to factors such as genetics, diet, or existing dental conditions. If you notice signs of tartar buildup, such as yellow or brown stains on your teeth or bleeding gums, it’s essential to see a dentist as soon as possible. Regular dental checkups are key to identifying and addressing tartar buildup before it causes significant oral health issues.
Conclusion
Yes, a dentist can remove stubborn tartar buildup effectively. Professional dental cleanings, including scaling and root planing, are the best methods for removing tartar and ensuring the health of your teeth and gums. While the process is relatively simple and painless, preventing tartar buildup is the most effective strategy. By maintaining good oral hygiene habits, visiting your dentist regularly, and following their advice, you can avoid tartar-related issues and enjoy a healthy smile for years to come.
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