Melbourne’s Royal Dental Hospital Oral Medicine Unit Head and Melbourne Dental School Associate Professor Nicole Heaphy highlights a prevalent dental concern: teeth grinding and clenching, medically known as bruxism.
Dr. Heaphy explains that bruxism is characterized by repetitive jaw muscle activity, occurring both during sleep and wakefulness. “It involves involuntary clenching, grinding, and gnashing of teeth,” she notes.
Bruxism is widespread, prompting dental professionals to look for specific indicators. “We can observe it through the condition of the jaw muscles, wear patterns on the teeth, and signs of cheek biting,” Dr. Heaphy adds.
Arosha Weerakoon, a senior lecturer in dentistry at the University of Queensland, emphasizes that diagnosing bruxism involves a thorough patient evaluation. As a practicing dentist, she routinely inquires about symptoms such as jaw pain, headaches, and chewing difficulties during check-ups. “These symptoms can indicate potential grinding issues,” she explains.
While the causes of bruxism can vary, both Dr. Heaphy and Dr. Weerakoon recommend wearing an occlusal splint while sleeping to safeguard teeth. Typically custom-fitted by a dentist, these mouthguards or night guards can range in price from $800 to $1,400, depending on the type and the practitioner.
Patients may also find more affordable, self-fitted options available online or at pharmacies. Dr. Heaphy refers to these as “boil and bite” guards, which require immersion in boiling water for fitting. Although they are generally less comfortable and effective than custom-fitted splints, she assures that they pose no harm.
Dr. Weerakoon cautions against the pitfalls of over-the-counter mouthguards, stating, “If they don’t fit properly, they can be bulky and uncomfortable.”
To address daytime grinding or clenching, Dr. Heaphy suggests that increasing awareness can help patients manage the issue. She also recommends relaxation techniques, such as meditation and mindfulness apps, to alleviate anxiety, which can exacerbate bruxism. Dr. Weerakoon concurs, advising patients to maintain good sleep hygiene and limit caffeine and alcohol intake for potentially beneficial effects.
For those seeking alternative treatments, Botox is mentioned as a more drastic measure. Although Dr. Weerakoon does not administer Botox, she acknowledges its effectiveness in reducing muscle activity. She encourages patients to consider the cost and duration of effects, as Botox is not a permanent solution.
Both experts advise individuals with concerns about bruxism to consult their dentist first for tailored advice. It is important to remember that this information is general; personalized guidance should come from a qualified medical practitioner familiar with one’s medical history.
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