Does secondhand smoke cause periodontitis?

Does secondhand smoke cause periodontitis?
In the United States, about 47% of adults suffer from periodontitis. The health department pointed out that smoking is one of the main causes of periodontitis.
But what is the link between secondhand smoke and periodontitis? To investigate the relationship between serum nitinine (a metabolite of nicotine) and periodontitis, researchers at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill conducted a study in a non-smoking population. The findings were presented at the 93rd International Association for Dental Research (IADR) Congress & Exhibition.
Between 2009 and 2012, 3,255 non-smokers in their 20s participated in the National Nutrition and Health Survey and underwent periodontal examinations and provided blood samples. Participants were classified as exposed to “secondhand smoke” when their serum nitinine concentrations were between 0.015 ng/ml (the lower limit of detection of the assay) and 3 g/ml. After taking into account factors such as age, gender, race/ethnicity, diabetes, income and education level of the subjects, the researchers found that non-smokers who were exposed to “secondhand smoke” had more The odds of moderate/severe periodontitis were 1.45 times higher than those of unexposed individuals. It can be seen from this that even if you are not a smoker yourself, you may suffer from moderate or even severe periodontitis due to inhalation of “second-hand smoke”! So, decisively reject second-hand smoke~